Google Analytics – What Is a Metric?
Google Analytics is a free tool used by businesses to provide insight into who visits their site and what they do there. While a Google Analytics account provides amazingly rich data, you may not always know how to turn the data into actionable steps. This is a real shame, as the insights it provides could mean the difference between an okay site or ad campaign, and an outstanding one that keeps visitors returning for more (or even better, one that results in hard-earned sales). So, this article will answer a few important questions: What is a metric in Google Analytics? What are some of the most important metrics that I can track? How do these metrics help me with my site performance? Photo by Karolina Grabowska from Pexels What is Metrics in Google Analytics? Every report in Google Analytics is made up of both Metrics and Dimensions. Metrics are quantitative measurements. Anything that can be measured with a number is a metric in a Google Analytics report. For example, the number of visitors, the average time spent on the site, or the number of pages they visited. Dimensions, on the other hand, organize all these numerical data into categories. An example of this would be the browser, location, or language of traffic to your site. Dimensions are always expressed in non-numerical terms. Primary dimensions are default dimensions automatically added by Google Analytics. You can also add a secondary dimension to narrow your results into smaller categories. How Many Metrics Should I Track? According to supermetrics.com, there are about 500 metrics and dimensions that can be tracked on Google Analytics. But wait, no need to panic! The good news is that not every metric needs to be used to have a successful digital marketing campaign. Each business is different and the metrics you choose to track should be customized to suit your needs. For this reason, we will look at only the Top 10 Metrics we believe every small to medium size business should track. But first, let’s briefly discuss the 4 main categories or reports provided by Google Analytics. Photo by Lukas from Pexels The 4 Main Categories of Google Analytics Metrics Audience – These user metrics help you understand who your audience is. Acquisition – This is the kind of metric that will help you understand how someone got to your site. Behavior – This metric allows you to determine what users do on your site. Conversions – These metrics track your goals. How many users clicked on that link, signed up for the newsletter, or viewed the discounted deal at the end of the page. Top 10 Google Analytics Metrics for SEO & Ad Campaigns Here are the 10 most relevant Google Analytics metrics that you should be tracking, which category they belong to, and a definition or suggestions on how to analyze them. 1. Number of Users (Audience) Overview: Dashboard → Audience → Overview Definition: This metric tracks how many people visited your website over a specific date range. Why Is This Metric Important? It helps you gauge how successful your marketing efforts are at attracting new and returning visitors. Depending on the type of site you have, repeat visitors are very important. On a blog site, for example, returning visitors show that people find your content engaging and want to read more. How Do I Improve This Metric? Advertise using paid methods, like Google or Facebook Ads Post content on Social media sites like Facebook or Linkedin Encourage first-time visitors to sign up for a newsletter. A monthly newsletter is a subtle reminder that you exist and encourages visitors to return. 2. Demographics (Audience) Overview: Dashboard → Audience → Overview Definition: This metric tells you more about your visitors by age and gender. Why Is This Metric Important? Knowing your audience helps you to direct your marketing efforts to the right platforms where they spend most of their on-screen time. How Do I Improve This Metric? If most users are over 50, consider using larger text and making your website easier to navigate If most users are in their early 20s, you may choose to use platforms like Instagram or TikTok for paid advertising 3. Average Session Duration (Audience) Overview Dashboard → Audience → Overview In-depth Analysis: Dashboard → Audience → Behavior → Engagement Definition: This metric tracks the average time a user spends on a website in any single session. The period begins when the user enters the website to either the point they leave or after 30 minutes of inactivity. Note though that page time is only included if the user moves on to another page on the same website. So a user may spend 10 minutes on the first page, but if they don’t move to another page, the session time = 0.00 (these are considered as bounced sessions). In the same way, the time spent on the last page they visit is also omitted. There are ways around this, but If nothing else, listen to the experts who say a good average session duration should be between 2-3 minutes. Why Is This Metric Important? If the average session duration is low, this is an indication that either visitors are not finding what they are looking for, your site provides a bad user experience, or lacks engaging content. How Do I Improve This Metric? Add videos to your website pages to keep users there for longer Provide links to other pages of your site Using images to break up huge chunks of text will make the article easier to read 4. Average Pages per Session (Audience) Overview: Dashboard → Audience → Overview In-depth Analysis: Dashboard → Audience → Behavior → Session Quality Definition: This refers to the average number of individual pages viewed in a single session. This metric is calculated by dividing the number of page views by the total number of sessions. Why Is This Metric Important? If visitors view several pages per session,